> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.devin.ai/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# 修复易出错的数据库迁移操作手册

export const UseCaseHero = ({title, description, prompt, category, features, devinUrl, agent, intent, playbookId, type}) => {
  const encodedPrompt = encodeURIComponent(prompt || '');
  const tag = 'docs-use-case-gallery';
  const utm = 'utm_source=docs&utm_medium=use-case-gallery&utm_campaign=hero-cta';
  const agentParams = (agent ? '&agent=' + agent : '') + (intent ? '&intent=' + intent : '') + (playbookId ? '&playbookId=' + playbookId : '');
  const devinHref = type === 'schedule' ? 'https://app.devin.ai/settings/schedules/create?' + utm + agentParams + (prompt ? '&prompt=' + encodedPrompt : '') : type === 'review' ? 'https://app.devin.ai/review?' + utm : agent === 'ada' ? 'https://app.devin.ai/search?' + utm + '&noSubmit=true' + (prompt ? '&prompt=' + encodedPrompt : '') : devinUrl ? devinUrl.includes('?') ? devinUrl + '&' + utm + agentParams : devinUrl + '?' + utm + agentParams : prompt ? 'https://app.devin.ai/?tags=' + tag + '&' + utm + agentParams + '&prompt=' + encodedPrompt : 'https://app.devin.ai/?' + utm + agentParams;
  const buttonLabel = type === 'schedule' ? 'Schedule in Devin ↗' : type === 'review' ? 'Set Up Devin Review ↗' : agent === 'advanced' ? 'Try in Devin ↗' : agent === 'dana' ? 'Try in Dana ↗' : agent === 'ada' ? 'Try in Ask Devin ↗' : 'Try in Devin ↗';
  const featureList = features ? features.split(',').map(f => f.trim()) : [];
  return <div className="uc-hero">
      <div className="uc-hero-inner">
        <div className="uc-hero-left">
          <h1 className="uc-hero-title">{title}</h1>
          <p className="uc-hero-desc">{description}</p>
          <div>
            <a href={devinHref} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="try-in-devin-btn">
              {buttonLabel}
            </a>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div className="uc-hero-meta">
          <div className="uc-meta-item">
            <span className="uc-meta-label">Author</span>
            <span className="uc-meta-value">Cognition</span>
          </div>
          <div className="uc-meta-item">
            <span className="uc-meta-label">Category</span>
            <span className="uc-meta-value">{category}</span>
          </div>
          {featureList.length > 0 && <div className="uc-meta-item">
              <span className="uc-meta-label">Features</span>
              <span className="uc-meta-value">{featureList.join(', ')}</span>
            </div>}
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>;
};

export const PromptBlock = ({children, type, agent, intent, playbookId}) => {
  var utm = 'utm_source=docs&utm_medium=use-case-gallery&utm_campaign=prompt-block';
  var tag = 'docs-use-case-gallery';
  var agentParams = (agent ? '&agent=' + agent : '') + (intent ? '&intent=' + intent : '') + (playbookId ? '&playbookId=' + playbookId : '');
  var label = type === 'schedule' ? 'Schedule in Devin' : type === 'playbook' ? 'Create Playbook' : type === 'knowledge' ? 'Add to Knowledge' : agent === 'advanced' ? 'Try in Devin' : agent === 'dana' ? 'Try in Dana' : agent === 'ada' ? 'Try in Ask Devin' : 'Try in Devin';
  var buildUrl = function (text) {
    var encoded = encodeURIComponent(text);
    if (type === 'schedule') return 'https://app.devin.ai/settings/schedules/create?' + utm + agentParams + '&prompt=' + encoded;
    if (type === 'playbook') return 'https://app.devin.ai/settings/playbooks/create?' + utm + '&body=' + encoded;
    if (type === 'knowledge') return 'https://app.devin.ai/knowledge?' + utm + '&body=' + encoded;
    if (agent === 'ada') return 'https://app.devin.ai/search?' + utm + '&noSubmit=true&prompt=' + encoded;
    return 'https://app.devin.ai/?tags=' + tag + '&' + utm + agentParams + '&prompt=' + encoded;
  };
  const ref = React.useRef(null);
  const [href, setHref] = React.useState('#');
  React.useEffect(() => {
    if (!ref.current) return;
    var codeEl = ref.current.querySelector('pre code');
    if (codeEl) {
      var text = codeEl.textContent.trim();
      if (text) setHref(buildUrl(text));
    }
    var header = ref.current.querySelector('[data-component-part="code-block-header"]');
    if (header && !header.querySelector('.prompt-block-devin-link')) {
      var link = document.createElement('a');
      link.href = href;
      link.target = '_blank';
      link.rel = 'noopener noreferrer';
      link.className = 'prompt-block-devin-link';
      link.style.cssText = 'display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;text-decoration:none;color:#fff;font-size:11px;font-weight:500;padding:4px 10px;border-radius:6px;white-space:nowrap;background:#317CFF;transition:background 0.2s;margin-left:8px;';
      link.innerHTML = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M18 13v6a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V8a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h6"/><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"/><line x1="10" y1="14" x2="21" y2="3"/></svg> ' + label;
      link.onmouseenter = function () {
        link.style.background = '#2968D9';
      };
      link.onmouseleave = function () {
        link.style.background = '#317CFF';
      };
      header.appendChild(link);
    }
    var existingLink = ref.current.querySelector('.prompt-block-devin-link');
    if (existingLink && href !== '#') existingLink.href = href;
  });
  return <div className="prompt-block" ref={ref}>{children}</div>;
};

<UseCaseHero title="修复不稳定的数据库迁移 Playbook" description="你的 db-migration Playbook 在简单的 schema 上工作正常，但一遇到外键（FK）就会崩溃。将四个会话链接输入 Devin，让它补上这些空缺。" prompt="我们的 !db-migration Playbook 在会话遇到外键约束时总是失败。这里有 4 个最近的会话——会话 1 和 2 在独立表上运行成功，但会话 3 和 4 因 FK 错误而崩溃。请分析这些失败案例，与成功案例进行对比，并更新 Playbook，使其在执行任何破坏性操作前就能正确处理 FK 依赖关系。" category="Devin 优化" features="高级, Playbooks" agent="advanced" intent="improve" />

<div className="uc-detail-wrapper">
  <Tip>不想手动设置？把此页面的链接粘贴到 Devin 会话中，并让它为你完成所有设置。</Tip>

  <Steps>
    <Step title="跨会话发现模式">
      你的团队已经使用 `!db-migration` playbook 几周了。它在重命名列和添加索引时一直工作正常——但最近两次会话在迁移中途崩溃了，因为它们尝试删除的是被其他表引用的列。

      打开每个会话并查看失败点。在这个例子中，会话 3 和 4 都在同一步骤出错：

      ```
      ERROR: cannot drop column "account_id" because other objects depend on it
      DETAIL: constraint fk_orders_account_id on table orders depends on column account_id
      HINT: Use DROP ... CASCADE to drop dependent objects too.
      ```

      你现在有了一个明确的信号：这个 playbook 在执行破坏性操作前，没有检查外键依赖关系的步骤。两个会话之所以成功，是因为它们操作的是独立表；另外两个失败，则是因为它们不是在独立表上操作。
    </Step>

    <Step title="使用会话链接打开 Improve Playbook 选项卡">
      前往 [app.devin.ai](https://app.devin.ai/?utm_source=docs\&utm_medium=use-case-gallery)，点击输入框下方的 **Advanced**。选择 **Improve Playbook** 选项卡。

      在 playbook 下拉菜单中选择 `!db-migration`，然后在 **session multi-dropdown** 中选择全部四个会话——包括成功和失败的会话。包含成功的会话可以让 Devin 了解这个 playbook 做得好的地方，而不仅仅是它在什么地方出错。

      <PromptBlock agent="advanced" intent="improve">
        ```txt Improve the db-migration playbook theme={null}
        Our !db-migration playbook works for simple table changes but fails
        when sessions hit foreign key constraints. Sessions 1 and 2 succeeded
        on standalone tables, but sessions 3 and 4 crashed on FK errors.

        Analyze all 4. Figure out what the successful sessions did differently
        (they hit standalone tables with no incoming FKs). Then update the
        playbook to:
        1. Query information_schema for FK dependencies before any DROP or ALTER
        2. Generate ALTER TABLE ... DROP CONSTRAINT statements when FKs exist
        3. Add a rollback step that re-creates dropped constraints if the
           migration fails partway through
        ```
      </PromptBlock>

      这个提示之所以有效，是因为：

      * **准确点出失败原因**——用“外键约束 (foreign key constraints) ”而不是“它有时会失败”
      * **对比成功与失败**——Devin 可以对比会话记录，查看它们从哪里开始分歧
      * **列出具体修复措施**，同时也为 Devin 留出空间，让它发现你可能遗漏的问题
    </Step>

    <Step title="审查 playbook 的差异">
      Devin 会读取全部四个会话记录，精确定位失败与成功分歧的地方，并提出有针对性的修改建议。输出看起来就像是你的 playbook 的变更日志：

      ```
      ## Analysis

      Sessions 1-2 succeeded because they only modified tables with no
      incoming foreign keys. Sessions 3-4 failed at step 4 ("Drop the
      old column") because the orders and invoices tables had FK
      references to the target column.

      ## Changes to !db-migration

      Added step 3a: "Before any DROP or ALTER that removes a column,
        query information_schema.key_column_usage to list dependent FKs.
        If any exist, generate ALTER TABLE ... DROP CONSTRAINT statements
        and execute them first. Save the original constraint DDL for
        rollback."

      Added step 7: "Rollback procedure — if any step after FK removal
        fails, re-create the dropped constraints using the saved DDL
        from step 3a."

      Updated Advice section: "Always run the migration against a staging
        database first. FK chains can be deeper than expected — a column
        in table A may be referenced by B, which is referenced by C.
        Query recursively."
      ```

      playbook 会自动保存。如果有哪里不对，可以在同一个会话中回复——例如：“Also add a step to notify the #database Slack channel before running destructive migrations.”
    </Step>

    <Step title="在新的迁移上验证修复">
      你无需离开当前的 Devin 会话。playbook 更新保存后，使用同一个会话启动一个标准的 Devin 会话，在之前失败的同一场景下测试这个已更新的 playbook：

      <PromptBlock>
        ```txt Test the updated playbook theme={null}
        Use the !db-migration playbook to drop the legacy_account_id column
        from the users table. This column is referenced by orders.account_id
        and invoices.billing_account_id — the playbook should handle the FK
        dependencies automatically.
        ```
      </PromptBlock>

      如果这个会话成功，说明修复生效。如果它又碰到了新的边缘情况 (例如循环外键引用) ，就把该会话再次送回 Improve Playbook 选项卡，进行新一轮改进。
    </Step>
  </Steps>
</div>
